Montana has a rich tradition of big game hunting, and has earned a well-deserved reputation for having some of the best big game hunting in North America. Many Montanans rely on big game to supplement their groceries, and eagerly look forward to the bounty and recreation of pursuing big game each fall. And many visitors come here for the "hunt of a lifetime." Responsible management has resulted in populations of many big game species being stable or increasing in Big Sky Country, and many key habitats remain physically remote, ensuring long-term herd health and long, liberal hunting seasons.

A wide variety of habitats support these big game herds, from low elevation riparian and agricultural areas harboring dense herds of white-tailed deer, to bighorn sheep and mountain goats found in wilderness areas above timberline. Elk herds are at historic population highs, and continuing to expand in several regions using a variety of forest, grassland, and agricultural habitats. Antelope and mule deer are most readily found in sagebrush habitats in the center and east side of the state.

In most parts of the state, hunting tags for deer and elk can be purchased over-the-counter. Tags for moose, sheep, goats, and antelope are more restricted, and are generally only available through an advance application and lottery system. Big game are hunted using a variety of methods. Many species can be pursued beginning in early September using archery equipment. In mid-October rifle season opens in most areas for a month. Not surprisingly, the majority of harvest occurs in areas where the most hunters hunt, often in gentle terrain or areas easily accessed by open roads. However, many hunters prefer more traditional and challenging hunts, hiking or riding horses beyond gated roads or along trails into rugged mountains and other remote areas. These less accessible "game security" areas often hold more animals, and more mature individuals. An added benefit is that many of these secure big game areas are on public lands, which can be accessed free-of-charge by any hunter willing to make the extra effort.

Rules and Regulations ...

Checklist ...


     
 


Obtaining or Renewing a Hunting License?

Hunting and fishing licenses are issued through the Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (MFWP). Hunting and fishing licenses can generally be purchased at any retail outlet that deals in hunting and fishing equipment, such as sporting goods stores. However, tags for some species of big game are only available through drawings. Regulations booklets, Federal Duck Stamps, and season/harvest information can usually also be obtained through those retailers.

In addition to licensing, MFWP has jurisdiction over the following:

  • hunting and fishing regulations such as season timing and duration;
  • animal control and management of non-endangered wildlife species;
  • management of State parks, forests and recreation areas; and
  • game warden information.

To report violations, or if you have any questions, call one of the following numbers: 1-800-TIP-MONT • 1-800-634-0690 • (406) 876-668 • (406) 675-4700 • (406) 752-5501

Montana Stream Access Law

Under the Montana Stream Access Law, the public may use rivers and streams for recreational purposes up to the ordinary high-water marks. Although the law gives recreationists the right to use rivers and streams for water-related recreation, it does not allow them to enter posted lands bordering those streams or to cross private lands to gain access to streams. Complete rules are available at any FWP office.

Montana Trespass Law

Montana's trespass law states that a member of the public has the privilege to enter private land only:

1. with the explicit permission of the landowner or his agent, or
2. when the landowner has failed to post a no-trespassing notice.

The recreationist must obtain permission from the landowner before entering posted lands. Montana hunters must always obtain permission to access private land. Recreationists are urged to obtain complete rules about this law from any FWP office.

Montana 7-Year Waiting Period

Montana 7-Year Waiting Period ...

Montana state law requires a seven-year wait after drawing certain Moose, Sheep or Goat licenses before you may apply for that same species again. Use the chart on the right to determine when you may reapply for that species.
Successful In:
May Reapply In:
1998
2006
1999
2007
2000
2008
2001
2009
2002
2010
2003
2011
2004
2012
2005
2013
2006
2014

One Shot Program

The One Shot Hunter program, which builds on the basic hunter education program, is designed to help young hunters develop good hunting and shooting skills and prepare them for a lifetime of hunting. All you have to do is to try your best to take either an elk, deer, or antelope with a single shot fired from a gun (rifle or shotgun) and according to the hunter code.

There is a long tradition in North America of honoring hunter excellence. It takes knowledge, skill, patience, and the right approach to be a One Shot Hunter. The One Shot Hunter knows how to get close to an animal, is skilled at placing a killing shot, waits for the right moment to fire, and takes pride in being a good hunter. Nearly all experienced hunters know how a poorly placed shot can ruin an otherwise good hunt. To learn more about shot placement click here.

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Here's a check list for your next big game hunting trip!

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